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Abstract: Benign fibrous histiocytoma is a very rare tumor with special radiographic and microscopic criteria. It mostly involves the ilium and sacrum but it also can occur in tubular bones. We report a benign fibrous histiocytoma in ulnar diaphysis.

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Background: The upper extremity bones are infrequent sites for osteoid osteoma. Diagnosis of this tumor could be difficult and challenging.

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Background: Terrible triad injury of the elbow has been a real challenge for surgeons. New standard methods of treatment have significantly improved outcomes, but yet complications occur frequently and rate of reoperation is still noticeable.

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Abstract: Volar base fracture of the second phalanx in the proximal interphalangeal joint fracture dislocation is a challenging injury with high rate of permanent disabilities. Different methods of treatment like extension block splining, open reduction and internal fixation, volar plate arthroplasty and recently hemi-hamate arthroplasty address this complex injury.

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Background: Distal radius fracture is the most common forearm fracture. The goal of distal radius fracture treatment is to restore normal anatomic indices. This study is designed for assessment of interobserver and intraobserver reliability of radiographic indices of the distal radius.

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Abstract: Locally destructive aneurysmal bone cysts are bloodfilled reactive lesions of bone and in spite of destructive nature, are not considered to be true neoplasms. The accepted treatment for this lesion is curettage and bone grafting. Endoscopic curettage without bone grafting has been reported recently in treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts without aneurysmal dilatation and for small lesions. We present good results with endoscopic curettage without bone grafting in two patients with large and expanded aneurysmal bone cysts of the proximal humerus.

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Background: Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is the most common benign tumor of the hand following the ganglion cyst. It is more prevalent in women in third through fifth decades of life.

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Background: Both primary and secondary tumors can develop in distal phalanx of the hand presenting as lytic lesions. The presence of a lytic lesion in the distal phalanx has been a dilemma making the differential diagnoses, prognosis, and treatment of these lesions challenging.

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Background: Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FFCD) is a benign lesion and has been reported as a cause of tibia vara in proximal tibia and distal of the femur. It is rare in upper extremity and few cases have been reported in the ulna and radius.

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Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent entrapment syndrome of the upper limp, which leads to compression of the median nerve at the level of the wrist. Any early diagnosis based on the radiological and clinical findings is essential to find a risk factor preventing permanent nerve damage and functional sequelae.

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Background: Proximal femur morphology determines the choice of cemented or uncemented Total Hip Arthroplasty (THR), and Dorr classification is widely used to type this characteristic. As a result, a considerable reliability for such typing system is expected.

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Background: Although carpal tunnel release (CTR) is accepted in severe cases of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), it is not clear if CTR overweighs the local steroid injection (LSI) in the treatment of patients with mild symptoms.

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Background: While there is consensus about the treatment of acutely presented displaced lateral condyle fracture (LCF) of distal humerus in children by open reduction and internal fixation, treatment for lately presented LCF remained challenging due to contradictory results of treatments and paucity of studies in this field.

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Introduction: The scaphocapitate fracture syndrome is a rare injury and refers to concomitant fractures of the scaphoid and capitate carpal bones. It is a special type of perilunate fracture dislocation, accompanied with rotation of 90 or 180 degrees of the fractured proximal pole of the capitate bone.

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Background: Several procedures have been described for the management of post-traumatic disorders of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Amongst them, Sauve-Kapandji (SK) procedure has shown promising results; yet, it is not infallible. Here, we evaluated the radiologic and clinical outcomes of the SK procedure in eight patients with post-traumatic disorders of DRJU.

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Background: Recent evidence supports the superiority of surgery over conservative treatment in the management of medial humeral epicondylar fractures (MHEF) with the displacement of more than 2 mm, regardless of other indications for surgical intervention.

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Background: Treatment of Monteggia fracture-dislocations can become quite complicated when the diagnosis is delayed.

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Background: Elbow stiffness is a debilitating condition with different etiologies including trauma, head injury, and burns, which seriously interferes with the patient’s daily activities.