en ستون فقرات Spine surgery پژوهشی Research Article <strong>Background</strong>: Nonsurgical treatment of hyperkyphosis can be very challenging. Limited information is available on the outcomes of treating this condition, especially postural hyperkyphosis with the Milwaukee brace.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Objectives</strong>: The present study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of treating hyperkyphosis (postural and Scheuermann disease) with the Milwaukee brace.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: This study involved 54 patients, including 16 with Scheuermann disease, with an average age of 12.6&plusmn;2 years. Their thoracic kyphosis (TK) and lumbar lordosis (LL) angles were measured before and after treatment using long-spine radiographs. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I had angles less than 70 degrees, while group II had angles greater than 70 degrees. The results of both groups were compared.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: The TK angle significantly decreased from an average of 63.4&plusmn;8.5 degrees to 42.7&plusmn;13.4 degrees, while the LL angle decreased from 51.9&plusmn;7.7 degrees to 49.4&plusmn;5.5 degrees (P<0.001). Three patients required fusion surgery due to the ineffectiveness of orthotic treatment. In groups I and II, the mean corrections in TK angle were 22.6&plusmn;7.9 degrees and 14.8&plusmn;11 degrees, respectively. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P=0.016). The corresponding values for LL were 2.2&plusmn;5.4 degrees and 3.6&plusmn;3.6 degrees (P=0.895). There was no significant correlation between changes in TK and LL angles and the patients&rsquo; age.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The use of the Milwaukee brace for orthotic treatment can lead to a significant reduction in TK (either postural or Scheuermann disease). Patients with a kyphosis angle of less than 70 degrees show significantly better outcomes from this treatment compared to those with a kyphosis angle greater than 70 degrees. Kyphosis, Milwaukee brace, Scheuermann disease 51 56 http://jros.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1088-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyed Mani Mahdavi mahdavi.sm@iums.ac.ir 10031947532846008319 10031947532846008319 No Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sepideh Saffarpour saffarpour.s@iums.ac.ir 10031947532846008320 10031947532846008320 No Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hasan Ghandehari ghandhari.h@iums.ac.ir 10031947532846008321 10031947532846008321 No Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Moein Khaleghi Langeroudi m.khaleghilangeroudi@yahoo.com 10031947532846008322 10031947532846008322 Yes Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.